Items In Progress

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This page is a place holder for us to put items that will be scheduled for discussion at upcoming meetings.

Please include the date when the item was added; topics will move off of here as they are dealt with.

-Go back to POC_Meetings_Minutes main page


To do:

  • Next: start working on the fruit ripening stages and tuber development stages
  • fix comment on receptacle- strawberry is an accessory fruit, post on tracker
  • Complete edits on prothallial cell and prothallium
  • Post list of phloem terms to tracker- what needs to be done on them?
  • follow up with French fern folks about terms for ferns - email inquiry, terms on tracker
  • reopen gametophyte and sporophyte?
  • Resolve the question about axis vs stem
  • Open tracker for new term for caryopsis, other types of fruit
  • look at spikelet rachilla (PO:0009080): The axis of the spikelet, above the glumes. is_a inflorescence branch (PO:0025111). needs to be revised. tracker?
  • spikelet needs to be revised
  • ovary wall should not be a cardinal organ part as ovary is not an organ See Items_for_future_meetings#ovary_and_the_like below.
  • pappus element should not be a COP, as a pappus is not an organ- collective organ part structure. Each pappus element is a part of some organ (although there is some debate about which organ it is part of), thus pappus element is a cardinal organ part. The pappus is a collection of pappus elements, and therefor a collective organ part structure. I think the classification is correct.
  • egg apparatus- should not be a COP, as it part_of embryo sac which is_a megagametophyte which is_a whole plant This was classified back when we were looser with putting things under COP. Need to propose an alternative classification. Maybe a portion of plant tissue?
  • there are a number of parts of fruit such as the fruit septum (PO:0025268), fruit locule, fruit valve that should have dual parentage- e.g. fruit septum is_a septum (is_a col. organ part structure) and should also be is_a cardinal part of a multi-tissue plant structure.

In progress..

Continued from POC_Conf._Call_6-4-13:

collective tepal structure, tepal and fused CTS

Comment: This structure is a perianth (PO:0009058) where there is no differentiation between calyx (PO:0009060) and corolla (PO:0009059).

  • tepal (PO:0009033): A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) where it is not possible to distinguish between the petals (PO:0009032) and sepals (PO:0009031).
    • Comment: There is no differentiation between the petals (PO:0009032) and the sepals (PO:0009031) in color, placement, and size (e.g. some species of Magnolia).

fused collective tepal structure

Comment: none

  • fused tepal (PO:0025137): REVISED: A tepal (PO:0009033) that is part of a fused collective tepal structure (PO:0025138) in which it is fused to at least one other tepal.

Comment: none

  • free tepal (PO:0025136): A tepal (PO:0009033) that is part of a collective tepal structure (PO:0025021), along with a fused collective tepal structure (PO:0025138), but is separate from (PATO:0001505) the other tepals.
    • There currently is no special relation here to indicate that the free tepal must occur along with the fused structure, so for now, we added an explanatory comment
    • revised comment: A free tepal (PO:0025136) only occurs in a perianth (PO:0009058) that contains a fused collective tepal structure (PO:0025138). If you are describing a tepal (PO:0025137) that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) where none of the tepals (PO:0009033) are fused, you should use tepal.


Tepal structures.png

New terms:

  • fused perianth (new PO:0025880): A perianth (PO:0009058) in which one or more of the petals (PO:0009032), sepals (PO:0009031), and/or tepals (PO:0009033) are fused.

Comment: The petals (PO:0009032), sepals (PO:0009031) and tepals (PO:0009033) may be fused anywhere along the phyllome margin (PO:0025018). In some cases where the calyx (PO:0009060) and corolla (PO:0009060) are fused at the base it is referred to as a perianth tube.

-Added Narrow synonyms: adnate perianth and connate perianth

  • fused petal (new PO:0025583): - A petal (PO:0009032) that is part of a fused corolla (PO:0025581) or a fused perianth (PO:0025580).
    • Comment: In fused perianth (PO:0025580), the fused petal (PO:0025583) may be joined to a fused sepal (PO:0025584) or another fused petal.
  • free petal (PO:0025569): A petal (PO:0009032) that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) that contains fused sepals (PO:PO:0025584) and/or fused petals (PO:0025583), but is separate from the other sepals (PO:0009031) and petals (PO:0009032).
      • comment: A free petal (PO:0025569) only occurs in a perianth (PO:0009058) that contains fused sepals (PO:PO:0025584) and/or fused petals (PO:0025583). If you are describing a petal (PO:0009032) that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) where none of the sepals (PO:0009031) and/or petals (PO:0009032) are fused, you should use petal.


  • free sepal (PO:0025587): A sepal (PO:0009031)that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) that contains fused sepals (PO:0025584) and/or fused petals (PO:0025583), but is separate from the other sepals (PO:0009031) and petals (PO:0009032).
    • comment: A free sepal (PO:0025587) only occurs in a perianth (PO:0009058) that contains fused sepals (PO:PO:0025584) and/or fused petals (PO:0025583). If you are describing a sepal (PO:0009031) that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) where none of the sepals (PO:0009031) and/or petals (PO:0009032) are fused, you should use sepal.

Need to look at these associated terms:

  • is_a:
    • PO:0025324 : banner petal [0]
    • PO:0025326 : keel petal [0]
  • part_of
    • PO:0025144 : petal apex [0]
    • PO:0025146 : petal base [0]
    • PO:0006041 : petal epidermis [0]
    • PO:0025008 : petal margin [0]
    • PO:0006069 : petal parenchyma [0]
    • PO:0025511 : petal spur [0]
    • PO:0025218 : petal stomatal complex [0]
    • PO:0000054 : petal vascular system [0]
    • PO:0025325 : wing petal [0]


For corolla:

  • part_of
    • PO:0025512 : corolla spur [0]
    • PO:0025327 : keel [0]
    • PO:0009032 : petal [0]

epicalyx

  • epicalyx (PO:00090630): A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed of two or more phyllomes immediately outside the calyx (PO:0009060). [source: POC:curators]

Do we need a new term for epicalyx bract? - What are the individual members of the epicalyx; they are bracts.

Existing term: flower bract (PO:0009034): A bract that subtends a perianth that is part of a flower. [source: POC:curators]

Add epicalyx bract as an exact synonym?, or make a new child of flower bract . Not every flower bract is part of an epicalyx

Example from MAG: In the Trocodondraceae, the perianth is completely lacking, but they have little bracts subtending the reproductive structure.

Decided that we needed to add a new term:

epicalyx bract (new PO:0025577): A flower bract (PO:0009034) that is part of the epicalyx (PO:0009063). It will be sibling to the existing terms lemma and palea.

Revisions to Plant Structure Development Stages:

Flower, fruit, and inflorescence development stages

We currently have terms for:

  • flower development stage (PO:0021004) five subclasses
  • fruit development stage (PO:0001002) no subclasses
  • inflorescence development stage (PO:0021004) - has two subclasses

The last two, in particular, are poorly developed (few specific subclasses)

It is far too easy to confuse these terms with:

  • 4 flowering stage (PO:0007016)
  • 5 fruit formation stage (PO:0007042)
  • 3 inflorescence detectable stage (PO:0007047)

all of which are subclasses of sporophyte reproductive state (PO:00071300), meaning that they should only be used to describe the development state of a whole plant.

The first and easiest step to be taken would be to change the names of the whole plant development stages to make it clear that they apply to whole plants. For example, 4 flowering stage could be renamed flowering whole plant development stage. The definitions should probably be tweaked accordingly.

Flower development stage (PO:0021004) needs some work, but at least there is a good selection of terms for annotators to pick from.

For fruit development stage and Inflorescence development stage we need to develop at least some basic subclasses. For example, the plant phenotype pilot project needs terms for fruit development stages such as milk stage (as synonym for more general term) and mature or dry stage. These stages could (should?) parallel the stages for whole plants.

Flower development stage (PO:0021004) and subclasses

Continued from the POC Conf call 6-25-13

Link to spreadsheet: gdoc

Added new relationship; developmentally_preceded_by to show the order of the development stages.

Current and revised definitions for flower development stages:

  • Flower development stage (PO:0021004): A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that has as primary participant a flower (PO:0009046). [source: POC:curators]

Revised def'n: Flower development stage (PO:0021004): A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) which begins with the onset of the flower meristem visible stage (PO:0007601) and ends after the post anthesis stage (PO:0007617).

Proposed new child: flower meristem transition stage: A flower development stage (PO:0007615) which begins with the transition from a portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) to a flower meristem (PO:0000229) and ends with the onset of the floral organ formation stage (PO:0025585).

floral organ formation stage (newPO:0025585)

Proposed new child of flower development stage

Proposed definition: A flower development stage (PO:0007615) which begins with the floral organ meristem development stage (PO:0007601) and ends with the onset of the flowering stage (PO:0025586).

Proposed children of flower formation stage

  • 1 flower meristem visible stage (PO:0007601): Stage of flower development marked by the emergence of the floral meristem on the flank of the inflorescence meristem.
    • Proposed name and def'n: floral organ meristem development stage (PO:0007601): A floral organ formation stage (PO:0025585) which begins with the development of the floral organ meristem (PO:0000229) from a portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) and ends with the begining of the floral organ primordium development stage (PO:0007602).
  • 2 flower meristem notched stage (PO:0007602):Stage of floral development that begins when the floral meristem becomes demarcated from the inflorescence meristem by a slight indentation. [source: POC:curators]
    • proposed new name and def'n:floral organ primordium development stage (PO:0007602): A floral organ formation stage (PO:0025585) which begins with the appearance of the floral organ primordium (PO:0025477) and ends with the beginning of the floral organ development stage (PO:0007600).

flowering stage (PO:0025586)

Proposed new child of flower development stage

proposed definition: A flower development stage (PO:0007615) during which a single flower (PO:0009046) participates in the process of flowering (GO:0010228).

Proposed children of flowering stage:

  • 4 anthesis stage (PO:0007616): The phase of a flower when pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive. [source: APweb:Glossary]
    • proposed new name and def'n: anthesis stage (PO:0007616): A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that begins when pollen (PO:0025281) is presented and/or the stigma (PO:0009073) is receptive and ends with pollination (GO:0009856).
    • 5 post anthesis stage (PO:0007617): The phase of a flower after the pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive. [source: POC:curators]

Revised name and def'n: post anthesis stage (PO:0007617): A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that occurs after the anthesis stage (PO:0007616) and lasts until flower morphogenesis is complete (GO:0048439).

floral organ development stage (PO:0007600):

change name to floral organ differentiation stage'

is_a plant organ development stage (PO:0025339); part_of flower development stage (PO:0021004)

Current Name and def'n: 3 flower organ development stage (PO:0007600): Stages of development of floral organs defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised name and def'n: floral organ development stage (PO:0007600): A plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) that has as primary participant a floral organ (PO:0025395).

new relations, current definitions and revised definitions for subclasses of floral organ development stage (PO:0007600): these were all children of flower organ development stage (PO:0007600).

collective phyllome structure development stage (new PO:0025578):

collective phyllome structure development stage (new PO:0025578):A collective plant organ structure development stage (PO:0025338) that has as primary participant collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023).

* Made these part_of floral organ development stage, need to work on the definitions....

    • androecium development stage (PO:0007605): Stages of development of the androecium defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A collective phyllome structure development stage (PO:0025578) that has as a primary participant an androecium (PO:0009061).


    • calyx development stage (PO:0007603):Stages of development of the calyx defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A collective phyllome structure development stage (PO:0025578) that has as a primary participant a calyx (PO:0009060).


    • corolla development stage (PO:0007604): Stages of development of the corolla defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A collective phyllome structure development stage (PO:0025578) that has as a primary participant a corolla (PO:0009059).


    • gynoecium development stage (PO:0007606): Stages of development of the gynoecium defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A collective phyllome structure development stage (PO:0025578) that has a primary participant a gynoecium (PO:0009062).

Collective phyllome snap shot.jpg

phyllome development stage (new PO:0025579) terms:

phyllome development stage (new PO:0025579): A plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) that has a primary participant a phyllome (PO:0025023)

  • part_of floral organ development stage
    • lemma development stage (PO:0001047):Stages of development of the lemma defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) that has as a primary participant a lemma (PO:0009037).

    • lodicule development stage (PO:0001049):Stages of development of the lodicule defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) that has as a primary participant a lodicule (PO:0009036).

    • palea development stage (PO:0001048): Stages of development of the palea defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

Revised def'n: A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) that has as a primary participant a palea (PO:0009038).

  • moved leaf development (PO:0001050) to be subclass of new term, will be adding flower bract development (PO:000XXXX)

Phyllome snap shot.jpg

GO flower development terms and definitions:

flower development (GO:0009908): The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem.


Part_of Children:

floral meristem growth (GO:0010451): The increase in size or mass of a floral meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant that gives rise to a flower.

floral meristem determinacy (GO:0010582): The process in which a floral meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate).

floral organ development (GO:0048437): The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

floral whorl development (GO:0048438): The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a floral whorl over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A floral whorl is a circular arrangement of parts of a flower arising from a stem of a plant.

flower morphogenesis (GO:0048439): The process in which the anatomical structures of the flower are generated and organized.

nectary development (GO:0010254): The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral nectaries over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

perianth development (GO:0090428): The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the perianth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The perianth is a collective phyllome structure composed of two or more petals, sepals, or tepals.

specification of floral organ number (GO:0048833): Any process that modulates the number of floral organs formed in a floral whorl.


Is_a Children:

regulation of flower development (GO:0009909): Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of flower development.

negative regulation of flower development (GO:0009910): Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of flower development.

positive regulation of flower development (GO:0009911): Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flower development.

Inflorescence development stage (PO:0021004) and subclasses

  • inflorescence bifurcation stage ( PO:0007037): Stage of inflorescence development marked by the formation of two, often equal-sized, inflorescence meristems from one inflorescence meristem. [source: POC:curators]
  • inflorescence initiation stage (PO:0021004): Stage of inflorescence development marked by the formation of the inflorescence meristem on a vegetative branch. [source: POC:Felipe_Zapata]

Leaf development stages

Current structure: Leaf dev stages.jpg

This seems pretty good, overall. Need to look into non-vascular leaf development and see if it applies there as well, or if we will need separate terms for vascular and non-vascular leaves.

new parent term

phyllome development stage, proposed def.: A plant organ development stage that has as primary participant a phyllome (PO:0006001).

Comment: Includes stages for the intitiation, expansion, and sensecence of a phyllome such as a leaf, lemma, or stamen.

lemma development stage (PO:0001047), lodicule development stage (PO:0001049), and palea development stage (PO:0001048), currently under flower development stage, should go here, and instead be part_of flower development stage.

Will also need a new term "bract development stage", parent to lemma and palea development stage.

leaf development stage

leaf development stage (PO:0001050), current def.: Stages of development of a leaf defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.

proposed def.: A phyllome development stage (PO:id) that has as primary participant a leaf (PO:0025034).


Links to Relevant References

leaf initiation stage

leaf expansion stage

leaf fully expanded (stage)

leaf senescent stage

tuber growth and development stages

This item has been open on SF since 6/2009

From Naama Menda: I have a bunch of potato genes which are expressed in different tuber developmental stages (e.g. the potato pmt gene is expressed in small sprouts only (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16088399).

Suggested stages:

-sprout development (does this correspond to tube axillary bud development? Should come after tuber maturation)

-tuber initiation

-tuber growth

-tuber maturation

How we work these in will depend on restructuring of PSDS

l development in legumes (Plant Physiol, March 2003, Vol. 131, pp. 911-926

anther development stage (PO:0001004)

  • E tapetum degeneration initiated stage (PO:0001032): Stage during which degeneration of the tapetum is initiated, as the deposition on the surface of the microspore primexine proceeds.

Although all the tapetal tissues will undergo degeneration, this term refers specifically to anther wall taptum.

Current name and definition of E tapetum degeneration initiated stage (PO:0001032):

New name and def'n: E 'anther wall' tapetum degeneration initiated stage (PO:0001032): An anther development stage during which degeneration of the anther wall tapetum (PO:0009071) is initiated, as the deposition on the surface of the microspore (PO:0020048) primexine proceeds.

Blackmore S, Wortley AH, Skvarla JJ, Rowley JR (2007) Pollen wall development in flowering plants. New Phytologist 174: 483–498

xylem developmental stages:

See discussions of primary xylem on POC_Conf._Call_6-11-13

Existing definitions:

* secondary xylem development stage (PO:0025427): A xylem development stage (PO:0025425) that has as primary participant a portion of secondary xylem (PO:0005848) tissue during the interval between the beginning of a cell division stage of secondary xylem (PO:0025463) and the death of the last living cell in the secondary xylem. [source: POC:wood_curators]

  • Need: primary xylem development stage (PO:new): A xylem development stage (PO:0025425) that has as primary participant a primary xylem (PO:0005849) tissue. needs to be expanded

fruit ripening stage and sub-classes

New terms are needed to describe the stages of ripening for individual fruits. Have a revised parent term; need the sub-classes.

Proposed name and def'n:

fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502): A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) during which a fruit (PO:0009001) participates in the process of fruit ripening (GO:0009835).

Comment: Succeeds a fruit formation stage (PO:0025501). This stage is to be used for an individual fruit. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit ripening stage (PO:0007010).

fruit ripening (GO:0009835): An aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal.

related synonyms: fruit maturation; fruit senescence

whole plant fruit ripening stage

whole plant fruit ripening stage (PO:0007010): A whole plant fruit development stage (PO:0025500) that begins when the first fruit (PO:0009001) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) begins the process of ripening (GO:0009835) in a way which, in case there are other fruits, the majority of the other fruits start to ripen continuously therewith, and ends with earliest of the following: (1) the whole plant begins a sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017), (2) the whole plant begins a sporophyte dormant stage (PO:0007132), or (3) all fruits on the whole plant are finished ripening.

Comment: Succeeds a whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042). This term is to be used for a stage of development of a whole plant. For the stages of development of an individual fruit, see fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502). Although individual fruits are undergoing fruit ripening (GO:0009835), which is a type of senescence, during this stage, the whole plant is not yet undergoing multicelluar organism senescence (GO:0010259). An iteroparous species generally will have only one fruit ripening stage in its life, while a semelparous species may have multiple fruit ripening stage in its life. A whole plant fruit ripening stage may be followed by a sporophyte senescent stage, as in case (1) or by a sporophyte dormant stage (PO:0007132), as in case (2). In evergreen species and species that fruit multiple times during a growing season, a plant may have multiple fruit development stages without entering dormancy or senescence, as in case (3). In plants with continuous (i.e., indeterminate) fruit development (GO:0010154), new fruits may continue to develop after the first fruit has begun to ripen and the whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042) has ended. In some plants, fruit may continue to ripen after the whole plant has entered a sporophyte dormant stage or sporophyte senescent stage and left the whole plant fruit ripening stage. Some plants may never enter a whole plant fruit ripening stage, because fruits only begin to ripen after the plant has entered a sporophyte dormant stage or sporophyte senescent stage. Although the use of synonyms like "10-dough stage in sorghum" properly refer to the development of an individual fruit, they are used as here to extrapolate to a whole plant.

Proposed Revisions to sub-classes:

Comment from RW: The current definitions are very vague and circular! For now, propose just rewording them so it is clear that they refer to whole plants, but we will need to develop some more specific boundaries for these stages at some point.

need to open tracker for this set:

* whole plant beginning of fruit ripening stage (PO:0007036):

current name and def'n:FR.00 beginning of fruit ripening stage (PO:0007036): The stage at which fruit maturation begins.

proposed def'n: A fruit ripening stage of whole plant (PO:0007010) during which ripening (GO:0009835) of one of more fruits on the plant begins.

comment: This terms is best used for plant with more or less synchronous fruit development. This stage occurs only once in the life of annual plants, but may occur once for each growing season in perennial plants.

Add related synonyms:

  • BBCH principle growth stage 81; Beginning of ripening: berries begin to develop variety-specific colour
  • grape E-L stage: 35 Berries begin to colour and enlarge, beginning of veraison
  • whole plant early fruit ripening stage (PO:0007001)

current name and def'n: FR.01 early stage of fruit ripening (PO:0007001): The early stage in fruit ripening

proposed def'n: A fruit ripening stage of whole plant (PO:0007010) during which ripening (GO:0009835) of one of more fruits on the plant is in an early stage.

comment: This terms is best used for plant with more or less synchronous fruit development. This stage occurs only once in the life of annual plants, but may occur once for each growing season in perennial plants.

Add related synonyms:

  • middle of veraison
  • BBCH principal growth stage 83

* whole plant mid fruit ripening stage (PO:0007031): current name and def'n: FR.02 mid stage of fruit ripening (PO:0007031) The stage when fruit ripening is midway.

proposed new def'n: A fruit ripening stage of whole plant (PO:0007010) during which ripening (GO:0009835) of one of more fruits on the plant is midway.

proposed comment: This terms is best used for plant with more or less synchronous fruit development. This stage occurs only once in the life of annual plants, but may occur once for each growing season in perennial plants.

* whole plant late fruit ripening stage (PO:0007050):

current name and def'n: FR.03 late stage of fruit ripening (PO:0007050): The late stage of fruit ripening.

proposed new def'n: A fruit ripening stage of whole plant (PO:0007010) during which ripening (GO:0009835) of one of more fruits on the plant is in a late stage.

comment: This terms is best used for plant with more or less synchronous fruit development. This stage occurs only once in the life of annual plants, but may occur once for each growing season in perennial plants.

* whole plant fruit ripening complete stage (PO:0007038):

current name and def'n: FR.04 fruit ripening complete stage (PO:0007038): The stage at which fruit ripening is complete.

Proposed Def'n: A fruit ripening stage of whole plant (PO:0007010) during which ripening (GO:0009835) of most of the fruits on the plant is complete.

comment: This term is best used for plant with more or less synchronous fruit development. This stage occurs only once in the life of annual plants, but may occur once for each growing season in perennial plants.

related synonyms:

  • BBCH principal growth stage 89
  • grape E-L stage: 38; Berries ripe for harvest

GO cellular component requests

Existing terms in GO:

apoplast (GO:0048046): The cell membranes and intracellular regions in a plant are connected through plasmodesmata, and plants may be described as having two major compartments: the living symplast and the non-living apoplast. The apoplast is external to the plasma membrane and includes cell walls, intercellular spaces and the lumen of dead structures such as xylem vessels. Water and solutes pass freely through it.

includes tracheids

This definition needs to be modified to be similar to the one for symplast. Lots of this should go in the comment.

symplast (GO:0055044): The interconnected cell membranes and intracellular regions of a plant. The interconnections occur via the plasmodesmata.

- all the plasma connected, through plasmodesmata, transport through the cytoplasm

See: Link to diagram Apoplast_and_symplast_pathways

See: Apoplastic versus Symplastic Pathways in roots

Suggest revised GO definitions for apoplast and symplast and add transport terms

Parent term:

  • transport (GO:0006810): The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
  • apoplastic transport (new GO term): A transport process (GO:id) that occurs in the apoplast (GO:0048046)
  • symplastic transport (new GO term): A transport process (GO:id) that occurs in the symplast (GO:0055044)

comments: symplastic transport is a diffusion process

Other Requests from SF- Anatomy terms in progress...

infructescence branch (PO:0025243): An infructescence axis that is a branch from a primary or higher order infructescence axis.

Current name & def’n: second order infructescence axis (PO:0025112): An infructescence branch arising from a first order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: primary infructescence branch (PO:0025112): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a first order infructescence axis (PO:0025244).

Current name & def’n: third order infructescence axis (PO:0025113): An infructescence branch arising from a second order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: second order infructescence branch (PO:0025113): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a primary infructescence branch (PO:0025112).

Current name & def’n: fourth order infructescence axis (PO:0025114): An infructescence branch arising from a third order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: third order infructescence branch (PO:0025114): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a second order infructescence branch (PO:0025113).

Current name & def’n: fifth order infructescence axis (PO:0025115): An infructescence branch arising from a forth order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: fourth order infructescence branch (PO:0025114): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a third order infructescence branch (PO:0025114).

Current name & def’n: sixth order infructescence axis (PO:0025116): An infructescence branch arising from a fifth order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: fifth order infructescence branch (PO:0025116): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a fourth order infructescence branch (PO:0025115).

Current name & def’n: seventh order infructescence axis (PO:0025117): An infructescence branch arising from a sixth order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: sixth order infructescence branch (PO:0025252): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a fifth order infructescence branch (PO:0025116).

Current name & def’n: eighth order infructescence axis (PO:0025253): An infructescence branch arising from a seventh order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: seventh order infructescence branch (PO:0025253): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a sixth order infructescence branch (PO:0025252).

Current name & def’n: ninth order infructescence axis (PO:0025254): An infructescence branch arising from an eight order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: eighth order infructescence branch (PO:0025254): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a seventh order infructescence branch (PO:0025253).

Current name & def’n: tenth or higher order infructescence axis (PO:0025255): An infructescence branch arising from a ninth or higher order infructescence axis.

Proposed new name & def’n: ninth or higher order infructescence branch (PO:0025255): An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from an eighth order infructescence branch (PO:0025254) or higher.

tapetum types

Based on the discussion on the PO conf call 4-9-13, we need to add the two types of tapetum(s).

Comment from DWS: there are two types of tapetum: ameboid and secretory/glandular:

Need to determine if it is more appropriate to put them as child of tapetum or anther wall tapetum.

See references in the literature to: Sporne KR (1973) A Note on the Evolutionary Status of Tapetal Types in Dicotyledons. New Phytologist 72: 1173–1174 link


[http://books.google.com/books?id=xBR5KMLYGkUC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=glandular+tapetum&source=bl&ots=P8Dfiew3_r&sig=0-Nr93OoExcRcqFFRTGnhKKMQ4A&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CUxkUaucFjriwLEqICoBA&ved=0CGAQ6AEwCA%23v=onepage&q=glandular%20tapetum&f=false#v=snippet&q=glandular%20tapetum&f=false link to book]

link to OSU Thesis

Added as a comment on tapetum for now.

floral node

suggested definition: A cardinal organ part of a shoot axis where one or more flower may arise

Parent/relationship: is_a shoot node (PO:0005004)

Submitted: Johnny Lloyd


inflorescence node: A shoot node that is part of an inflorescence axis and where a spikelet, flower, floret or inflorescence branch is attached. [source: GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal]. PO:0006325

adventitious branch

Definition: A shoot axis (PO:00025029) that develops in an unusual place

Parent/relationship: is_a shoot axis (PO:0025029), develops from an adventitious bud


adventitious shoot axis

shoot-borne root (PO:0000042)

synonym: adventitious root

Need to align these three with the shoot-borne root

  • adventitious root apical meristem ; PO:0006021
  • adventitious root epidermis ; PO:0006039
  • adventitious root nodule ; PO:0000040

leaf lamina PO:0020039

-fix typo in comment

  • Def'n: A phyllome lamina (PO:0025396) that is the part of a leaf (PO:0025034) exclusive of the petiole (PO:0020038) or leaf sheath (PO:0020104), if either is present.
  • Comment: A leaf lamina is usually dorsiventrally flattened, but may be flattened in a median plant (perpendicular to the axis) in the case of phyllodes (PO:0025335) or other ensiform leaves (PO:0025333). This term should not be used for leaves that are not laminar (flat), like round leaves in Allium or needle-like leaves in Pinus or some Proteaceae.

If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf (PO:0009025) or non-vascular leaf (PO:0025075), depending on the species. All annotations for angiosperms, gymnosperms, and pteridophytes should go to vascular leaf and all annotations for bryophytes should go to non-vascular leaf.


Ultimate Unit (UU)

Requested by: Corvez Adele Created: 2013-02-01

  • Ultimate units are last branching-orders inserted at extremities of lateral branching systems. Each unit can divide several times, they are mostly tridimensional and their last dichotomies form ultimate appendages.

Corvez et al., 2012

suggested parentage: Ultimate unit is_a cardinal organ part

moss capsule

need to open tracker for this: moss capsule

prothallial cell and prothallium

On the POC POC call (12-11-12), we identified that we needed to add this as part of the gymnosperm pollen.

prothallial cell (PO:0025533):

proposed def'n: A vegetative plant cell (PO:0009002) that develops from the division of the microspore (PO:0020048) and is part of the microgametophyte of vascular plants other than angiosperms.

should add the PO id for microgametophyte (PO:0025280) to the definition


For reference about prothallial cells in gymnosperms see:

Morphology of gymnosperms, by John M. Coulter and Charles J. Chamberlain. pages 2277-278 and 339-340.

Available online: Coulter + Chamberlain, 1910

common primordium

This request was made by Elena Kramer during the beta review: , I wondered if there was some way to incorporate ...the phenomenon of common primordia (...would only apply to the development ontology)

"During floral development (at least in peas, maybe others), petals and stamens (and maybe other floral organs) may share a common primordium before development of a distinct petal or stamen primordia. We may want to add this to the flower developmental stage branch of the PGDSO."

This could be a structure in the PAE branch, and we can consider adding it as a stage when we work on flower development stages.

We all agreed that this should be a PAE, rather than a development stage. Need to propose definition on SF.

nucellar projections

The current definition of nucellar projection (PO:0008007) is: A portion of plant tissue that is the morphologically distinct portion of the nucellus overlying the vascular strands in the grass caryopsis. part_of nucellus.

This definition is specific to grasses, and should be rephrased, so it is more general.

Actually, I can't find any references to this outside grasses, so perhaps it is fine as is. Does anyone know of an example of this outside grasses? Maybe in other monocots?

No one know of an example outside grasses, so it is okay, but we can rephrase slightly to make it more braod.

proposed def.: A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is a morphologically distinct part of a nucellus (PO:0020020) overlying the vascular bundles (PO:0005020).

comment: Found a caryopsis in Poaceae.

part_of nucellus

rosette leaf and cauline leaf

The definitions for these terms need revision, especially cauline leaf. Rosette leaf is okay, but should be converted to genus-differentia form.

Current definitions:

rosette leaf (PO:0000014): One of multiple leaves borne in a rosette - a group of leaves, generally borne at the base of the plant, that are separated by very short internodes.

comment: Arabidopsis, vegetative development is characterized by the production of the rosette leaves.

cauline leaf (PO:0000013): Leaf or pairs/whorls of leaves borne on the stem. Comment: In Arabidopsis, refers to the leaves that are borne on the elongated inflorescence branches.

comment: In Arabidopsis, refers to the leaves that are borne on the elongated inflorescence branches.


Perhaps we should use the appropriate growth stages in their definitions, e.g., PO:0007113 rosette growth, and PO:0007089 stem elongation. However, stem elongation is defined as a vegetative growth stage, so it doesn't really apply to plants that are bolting

proposed definitions

rosette leaf: A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) that is part of a collective leaf structure (PO:0025022) in which the leaves are borne on a stem base (PO:0008039) that has very short stem internodes (PO:0020142).

comment: In many species, including Arabidopsis thaliana, the sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134) is characterized by the production of the rosette leaves.


cauline leaf (PO:0000013): A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) that is borne on a stem (PO:0009047) or branch (PO:0025073) that has elongated shoot internodes (PO:0005005).

comment: In species that undergo bolting, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, cauline leaves may start to develop before or after the shoot axes elongates.

Question: Are there ever cauline leaves forming on an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122)?


Links from Lol:

http://www.arabidopsis.org/portals/education/growth.jsp

http://www.jstor.org/stable/2656849

non-vascular rosette leaves?

At the POC meeting on 6/7/11, PJ suggested that we make new general terms for rosette leaf and cauline leaf, is_a children of leaf. Then we could make specific terms for vascular rosette leaf and vascular cauline leaf.

However, I don't know if the terms rosette leaf and cauline leaf are ever used for non-vascular plants. Certainly leaves occur on a stem in mosses and liverworts, but it is not the case that the leaves first form during a rosette stage then the stem elongates. Instead, leaves are formed from the stem apex as it elongates.

If rosette leaf and cauline leaf only have one child each (vascular rosette leaf or vascular cauline leaf), is there really a point in making the general category?

Don't need these

sporocyte

Existing definitions:

sporocyte (PO:0006204): A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) spores.

microsporocyte (PO:0020047): A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) microspores. [source: ISBN:0878934030]

synonyms: microspore mother cell, PMC, pollen mother cell

megasporocyte (PO:0000431): A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores. [source: ISBN:0471245208]

synonyms: megaspore mother cell, MMC


At the POC meeting on 5/6/11, we agreed to add sporocyte develops_from archesporial cell.

Already have:

megasporocyte develops_from female archesporial cell

microsporocyte dvelops_from primary sporogenous cell, which develops_from male archesporial cell


Proposed definitions:

sporocyte (PO:0006204): A plant cell (PO:0009002) that develops from an archesporial cell (PO:0030056) and undergoes meiosis (GO:0007126) to produces four plant spores (PO:0025017).

Add: sporocyte develops_from archesporial cell

Should we add spore develops_from sporocyte? yes

meiosis (GO:0007126)


microsporocyte (PO:0020047): A sporocyte (PO:0006204) that develops from a primary sporogenous celll (PO:0006088) and undergoes meiosis (GO:0007126) to produces four microspores (PO:0020048). [source: ISBN:0878934030]

synonyms: microspore mother cell, PMC, pollen mother cell

Should we add microspore develops_from microsporocyte?

male meiosis (GO:0007140)

Better to use meiosis, rather than male meiosis.


megasporocyte (PO:0000431): A sporocyte (PO:0006204) that develops from a female archesporial cell (PO:0006015) and undergoes meiosis (GO:0007126) to produces four megaspores (PO:0020019). [source: ISBN:0471245208]

synonyms: megaspore mother cell, MMC

female meiosis (GO:0007143)

Better to use meiosis, rather than female meiosis.


Also need to address:

primary sporogenous cell (PO:0006088), current def.: It is formed by the division of the male archesporial initial. After several mitotic divisions these cells differentiate into pollen mother cells.


proposed def.: A plant cell (PO:0009002) that develops from a male archesporial cell (PO:0006014) and, after several mitotic divisions, develops into microsporocytes (PO:0020047).

okay


Note: external ontology ids should go in both the definition and as a Dbxref, because they don't work as links otherwise. They work as links okay in the comments.

spikelet

At the POC meeting on 8-30-11, we decided that this definition needs some work.

Current def.: Ultimate and congested inflorescence branch of the grasses. [source: APWeb:Glossary] Comment: It consists of one to many closely-packed flowers and associated glumes etc.

Should make it more general, because spikelets are found throughout the Poales (close relatives of grasses).


Proposed def.: A second order inflorescence that has as parts the glumes, a firinflorescence branches with short internodes, and a florets.

Comment: Part of a spike type inflorescence as found in grasses and other Poales.

From Ale:

spike: an unbranched, elongated inflorescence with sessile or subsessile flowers or spikelets maturing from the bottom upwards

spikelet: a small spike or secondary spike; the ultimate flower cluster of grasses and sedges, consisting of one to may flowers subtended by two bracts (glumes)

lamina areole

Propose new definitions:

phyllome lamina areole (PO:0025391): A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is part of a phyllome lamina (PO:0025396) and is completely surrounded by phyllome lamina veins (PO:0025348) and cannot be divided into any smaller parts that are completely surrounded by phyllome lamina veins.

Comment: Any order of phyllome lamina vein can form the sides of a phyllome lamina areole. Taken together, the phyllome lamina areoles form a contiguous field of polygons over the area of a phyllome lamina. part_of phyllome lamina


leaf lamina areole (PO:0025392): A phyllome lamina areole (PO:0025391) that is part of a leaf lamina (PO:0020039) and is completely surrounded by leaf lamina veins (PO:0020138) and cannot be divided into any smaller parts that are completely surrounded by leaf lamina veins.

Comment: Any order of leaf lamina vein can form the sides of a leaf lamina areole. Taken together, the leaf lamina areoles form a contiguous field of polygons over the area of a leaf lamina. Free ending veinlets (PO:0025390) may be found within a leaf lamina areole. part_of leaf lamina

ovuliferous scale

New term to add, needed for definition of ovuliferous scale ovule (PO:0025491).

"Ovuliferous scale" seems to be the more commonly used name.

proposed def., ovuliferous scale: A megasporophyll (PO:0009027) that is part of a seed-scale complex (PO:id).

Comment: Has as part an ovuliferous scale ovule (PO:0025491) and is part of a ovulate cone ().

need to review this

Currently, ovuliferous scale is a narrow synonym of megasporophyll


ovulate cone, new term: A strobilus (PO:0025083) that has as parts ovuliferous scales () but no microsporophylls (PO:0009028).

synonym: female cone (related)

Move more specific synonyms form strobilus to these terms.

microsporangiate cone, new term: A strobilus (PO:0025083) that has as parts microsporophylls (PO:0009028) but no megasporophylls (PO:0009027).


seed-scale complex: A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that is part of an ovulate cone (PO:0025083) and has as parts a ovuliferous scale () and a ovuliferous scale sterile bract ().


ovuliferous scale sterile bract: A bract (PO:0009055) that is part of a seed-scale complex and subtends an ovuliferous scale ().

Definitions of megasporophyll and microsporophyll

move part about angiosperms to the comment

Current def., megasporophyll: A structure upon which (or in the axil of which) one or more megasporangia are borne; in flowering plants, a carpel.

Current def., microporophyll: A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen.

pericarp and seed coat

What is the problem with pericarp?

pericarp (PO:0009084):A wall of a fruit, developed from the ovary or carpel wall.

Synonyms related: fruit peel, fruit rind

New def.: A portion of plant tissue that develops form the ovary wall and forms the outer layer or layers of a fruit.

comment: Usually has as parts an exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp. In a caryopsis, the pericarp is fused with the seed coat.

endocarp ; PO:0009086, synonym inner epidermis of pericarp

exocarp ; PO:0009085 synonyms outer epidermis of pericarp,


seed coat: A portion of plant tissue that is the covering of a seed derived from ovular - mainly integumentary - tissue.

Revised: A portion of plant tissue that develops from an integument and forms the covering of a seed. develops_from integument

Get rid of "usually" in def. of integument. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caryopsis

is a type of simple dry fruit — one that is monocarpelate (formed from a single carpel) and indehiscent (not opening at maturity) and resembles an achene, except that in a caryopsis the pericarp is fused with the thin seed coat.

The caryopsis is popularly called a grain and is the fruit typical of the family Poaceae (or Gramineae), such as wheat, rice, and corn.

The term grain is also used in a more general sense as synonymous with cereal (as in "cereal grains", which include some non-Gramineae). Considering that the fruit wall and the seed are intimately fused into a single unit, and the caryopsis or grain is a dry fruit, little concern is given to technically separating the terms "fruit" and "seed" in these plant structures. In many grains, the "hulls" to be separated before processing are actually flower bracts.

link to a more scientific source :http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2442251


we also have the term:

caryopsis hull (PO:0006000): A collective phyllome structure that encloses a fruit of the Poaceae (caryopsis) and develops from a dried lemma and palea. [source: POC:Ramona_Walls]

ovary and the like

An ovary is either the basal part of a carpel (in an apocarpous gyneocium) or the basal part of a syncarpous gynoecium. This is how it is defined in Esau, Raven, Weberling, etc.

The same can be said of a style or a stigma. Therefore, all of these can be either part_of carpel or part_of gynoecium (which means they are always part_of gynoecium).


ovary wall: Part_of ovary, which may be part of carpel or part of gyneocium. Not a valid COP.

style: (Raven: A slender column of tissue that arises from the top of an ovary and through which the pollen tube grows). Just like ovary, it may be part of a carpel or part of a group of fused carpels. Weberling uses "monocarpellary style" for a style of a single carpel and "polycarpellary style" for the style of fused carpels.

If the styles are fused at the base but free at the top, the free portions are called "style branches" or "stylodia" (Troll), or "stigma branches" if it is only the stigma portion that is free.

stigma: Raven defines this as a part of a carpel. Esau is ambiguous about how to treat stigma in syncarpous gynoecium. Weberling refers to a single stigma for fused carpels, but also to multiple stigmas, if the carpels are fused at the base and style, but then free at the tips, where the stigmas are. Also refers to stigma lobes (e.g., a tulip, with three fused carpels, has a single stigma, with three lobes. Seem like we have to treat stigma the same as ovary and style.

anther and filament

Weberling: Although filaments are often fused, they are still referred to as individual filaments (e.g., the corona of Narcissus consists of fused filaments (not a single filament), with the anthers inserted on the inner surface). Anthers may also fuse, but it is less common. He uses the term "synanther" of a single structure made of fused anthers (e.g., Gesneriaceae, see this cool picture).

It seems like it would be better to keep anther and filament as part of stamen, since that is the more commmon state. We can use special terminology for when they are fused (such as corona and synather).

Cacti terms:

spinule: word for when the spines are stipules – synonym of stipule spine

In Beentje, spinule is defined as a small spine.

Add "spinule" as narrow synonym for stipule spine and as related synonym for other kinds of spines.

cladode and phylloclade

From Beentje:

cladode: single node or internode of stem or branch that is flattened and expanded to serve the functions of a leaf

phylloclade: portion of stem or branch (several nodes and internodes) flattened and expanded to serve the functions of a leaf.

FNA lists cladode, phylloclade, and cladophyll as exact synonyms: A stem segment that functions as a leaf; often more or less compressed.

proposed definition:

cladode: A shoot axis that is flattened and expanded.

comment: Has an increased surface area for photosynthesis and may function similar to a leaf in plants that have no or small leaves, such as cacti. Consists of one to several internodes and nodes.

synonyms: phylloclade, cladophyll

Dennis said: A shoot axis that is flattened. expanded is redundant. What about cholla? This does not work. The comment also does not work. Similarily the synonyms are not so much synonyms as they are subsets.

I don't know what the problem is with Cholla. As far as I know, it does not have cladodes or phylloclades, because the axes are round.

Recent interesting paper on cladodes in Asparagus:

Nakayama,H., Yamaguchi,T. and Tsukaya,H. (2012) Acquisition and Diversification of Cladodes: Leaf-Like Organs in the Genus Asparagus. The Plant Cell Online, 24, 929 –940.

PMID:22415273

In Asparagus, some cladodes have re-evolved a rounded shape. Are they still cladodes, or just shoot axes again at that point (given that the PO is not based on homology)?

rib

Should also add 'rib' for cacti and other plants.

Definition:


-caryopsis new child of fruit

-adventitious root nodule

Wood ontology terms

See separate page: Wood Ontology PO and GO Term Development

root terms

Submitted by Rich Zobel (Nov 2009). Still need to work on definitions for these terms.

Growth forms

From Daniel Hiss: "IMHO plant growth/life forms should be best integrated as an extension to PO." Also need acrocarpous and pleurocarpous moss (these could be growth forms).

epidermis/epidermal cell : plant v. animal